變頻器對于
電機的影響還是有的,普通電機設(shè)計都是按恒頻恒壓設(shè)計的。不會完全適應(yīng)變頻調(diào)速的要求,那么變頻器怎么影響三相異步電動機呢?
1、電動機對頻繁啟動、制動的適應(yīng)力
采用變頻器供電后,電動機可以在很低的頻率和電壓下以無沖擊電流的方式啟動,并可利用變頻器所供的各種制動方式進(jìn)行快速制動,為實現(xiàn)頻繁啟動和制動創(chuàng)造了條件。因此,電動機的機械系統(tǒng)和電磁系統(tǒng)處于循環(huán)交變力的作用下,給機械結(jié)構(gòu)和絕緣結(jié)構(gòu)帶來疲勞和加速老化問題。
2、低轉(zhuǎn)速時的冷卻
異步電動機的阻抗并不理想,當(dāng)電源頻率較底時,電源中高次諧波所引起的損耗較大。
普通異步電動機再轉(zhuǎn)速降低時,冷卻風(fēng)量與轉(zhuǎn)速的三次方成比例減小,致使電動機的低速冷卻狀況變壞,溫升急劇增加,難以實現(xiàn)恒轉(zhuǎn)矩輸出。
3、諧波電磁噪音與震動
變頻電源中含有的各次時間諧波與電動機電磁部分的固有空間諧波相互干涉,形成各種電磁激振力。異步電動機采用變頻器供電時,會使由電磁、機械、通風(fēng)等因素所引起的震動和噪聲變的更加復(fù)雜。
由于電動機工作頻率范圍寬,轉(zhuǎn)速變化范圍大,各種電磁力波的頻率很難避開電動機的各構(gòu)件的固有震動頻率。當(dāng)電磁力波的頻率和電動機機體的固有振動頻率一致或接近時,將產(chǎn)生共振現(xiàn)象,從而加大噪聲。
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